ADAPALENE & BENZOYL PEROXIDE

Adapalene is a topical retinoid primarily used in the treatment of acne and is also used (off-label) to treat keratosis pilaris as well as other skin conditions. It is currently marketed by Galderma under the trade names Differin in some countries, and Adaferin in India.

Benzoyl peroxide (BPO) is an organic compound in the peroxide family. It consists of two benzoyl groups bridged by a peroxide link. It is one of the most important organic peroxides in terms of applications. In medicine, benzoyl peroxide is used as a topical treatment for acne, either in combination with antibiotics or as a single agent. These products are available over-the-counter or by prescription in gels, creams or liquids at concentrations of 2.5%, 5% or 10%. Benzoyl peroxide is also used for bleaching flour or hair, teeth whitening, for cross-linking polyester resins, and many other chemical uses. It is on the World Health Organization’s List of Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in a basic health system.

The acute oral toxicity of adapalene in mice and rats is greater than 10 mL/kg. Chronic ingestion of the drug may lead to the same side effects as those associated with excessive oral intake of Vitamin A.

There is no evidence to support carcinogenicity in humans. Benzoyl peroxide may cause contact hypersensitivity, stinging and burning sensations when applied topically. It should not be applied under occlusive dressings due to risk of sensitization. During processing and formulation, exposure to concentrations higher than 12.2 mg/cu may cause irritation to the nose and/or throat.

For the topical treatment of comedo, papular and pustular acne (acne vulgaris) of the face, chest or back.

Benzoyl peroxide is indicated for the treatment of mild to moderate acne vulgaris and rosacea. Combined with other agents, it may be used in the treatment of more severe acne.